Glossary

See Freight Forwarder.

Product, price, place, and promotion. Represent areas for marketing to focus on when seeking business from customers.

Materials or products contained within a single facility or building.

A fourth party logisitcs provider (4PL) provides a single interface to coordinate multiple (all) logistics services for a client, often using other 3PLs and its own assets.

Seller is responsible to deliver the goods, cleared for export, alongside the vessel at a named port, at which point risk transfers to the buyer.

A term of sale whereby the seller is liable until the goods sold are delivered to the dock that will be used by the vessel and then the title passes to the buyer.

The time allowed for loading or unloading containers or other equipment such as trailers before demurrage or detention charges apply.

Area, often near ports/ airports, where goods may be received, manufactured or reconfigured, and reexported without the intervention of the customs authorities.

Seller is responsible to deliver the goods, cleared for export, and load them on board the vessel at the named port. Then all further risk transfers to the buyer.

Goods that are transported from one place to another. Also, the charges assessed for movement of the cargo.

The carrier's invoice detailing the charges for transportation services.

Companies that provide for-hire services in transporting goods. Service modes include road, rail, water, and air.

The agree-to rate for transporting goods. Usually based on weight, distance traveled, or a combination of both.

The consignee is responsible to pay the freight charge and any associated assessorial charges for the shipment.

Combining or grouping shipments to obtain reduced costs or improved utilization of the transportation function.

A business that provides a variety of logistics services as an intermediary between the shipper and the carrier, typically on international shipments.

Providing the services of a freight forwarder. See Freight Forwarder.

The consignor is responsible to pay the freight charge and any associated assessorial charges for the shipment.

A document provided by the carrier or forwarder that outlines the cost to transport goods between two specified locations.

Does not consider individual freight classes but just bases the rate upon the shipment weight and distance. Often used in rail service such as TOFC.

The first leg, or outbound portion, of a truck trip that involves hauling a load or several loads to targeted destinations. Also called a headhaul.

In logistics, completing customer orders. This includes order management, picking, packaging, and shipping.

In ocean shipping, rate is based on the container size (such as 20' or 40') and origin-destination rather than the space occupied by the cargo inside the container.

See Full Container Load (FCL).

In motor carriage, rate is based on the equipment type, rate per mile (or weight) and origin-destination rather than the space occupied by the cargo in the trailer.