More than 70% [22] of the global trade transportation is conducted by sea, through maritime sea lanes. Unlike the well defined global land transportation network that consists of roads and railways, the maritime equivalent consists of port connections and is vaguely defined by marine charts’ guidelines, constraints and common sea routes. By definition, the port of origin and port of destination are well defined locations. However, the routes that the vessels follow in between are not strictly defined. Local conditions, such as the weather or traffic congestion, vessel-specific characteristics or other external conditions also affect the route choice and planning.
Georgios Grigoropoulos, Giannis Spiliopoulos, Marios Vodas, Dimitris Zissis, Konstantina Bereta
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